La terminologie comme outil de soutien stratégique dans les situations de crise telles que la pandémie COVID-19
Mots-clés :
représentations visuelles, types de définitions, ontologies terminologiques, systèmes de concepts, communication de criseRésumé
La pandémie de COVID-19 a donné lieu à l'introduction de nombreux termes qui ne sont pas totalement compréhensibles pour les citoyens ordinaires. La pression du temps nous a obligés à communiquer sur un grand nombre de nouveaux concepts, d’où le besoin de tirer au clair lesdits concepts. L'objectif de cet article est de démontrer l'utilité de la méthode terminologique traditionnelle et des ontologies terminologiques en tant qu'outils de soutien stratégique dans les situations de crise. Les ontologies terminologiques sont des systèmes conceptuels avancés, étendus par l’utilisation de critères de subdivision et de caractères définitoires. L'article décrit les aspects fondamentaux de la méthode terminologique traditionnelle en ce qui concerne l'interrelation entre les systèmes de concepts génériques ou les ontologies terminologiques et les définitions, afin de garantir des résultats terminologiques de qualité. Trois types de définitions sont proposés pour répondre aux besoins du grand public. Enfin, des arguments sont avancés en faveur de l'affirmation selon laquelle la méthode terminologique traditionnelle en tant que telle, combinée à des systèmes conceptuels et à des ontologies terminologiques en tant que représentations visuelles des relations entre concepts peut servir d'outil de soutien stratégique. Les illustrations sont des extraits d'un prototype d'ontologie terminologique danoise des tests COVID-19.
Références
Chongtay, R., Last, M., Verbeke, M., & Berendt, B. (2013). Summarize to learn: summarization and visualization of text for ubiquitous learning. In Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Workshop on Interactive Visual Text Analytics at VIS 2013, The 3rd IEEE Workshop on Interactive Visual Text Analytics, Atlanta, GA (pp. 1-4).
Christensen, L. L. W., & Madsen, B. N. (2020). A Danish Terminological Ontology of Incident Management in the Field of Disaster Management. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management 28(4), 466-478. https: DOI:10.1111/1468-5973.12334
DANTERM technologies. Retrieved June 2, 2022 from https://www.danterm.dk DANTERMcentret. (2001). Viden om viden, Del 1 - Udvikling, Slutrapport for projektet Udvikling af metoder og værktøjer til oprettelse og drift af virksomhedsinterne terminologibaser. DANTERMcentret.
Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab. (2020). Nye ord: Heller ikke Den Danske Ordbog går fri af corona. Retrieved June 4, 2022 from https://dsl.dk/presse/dokumenter/pm-ddo-juni-2020 and from https://ordnet.dk/ddo/nyeste-ord-i-ddo/juni-2020#corona
Deutsches Institut für Normung. (1980). Begriffssysteme und ihre Darstellung (DIN 2331:1980). Berlin: Beuth Verlag.
Gaur, M., Shekarpour, S., Amelie Gyrard, A., & Sheth, A. (2019). empathi: An ontology for emergency managing and planning about hazard crisis. In 2019 IEEE 13th International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC) (pp. 396-403). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOSC.2019.8665539'
Interactive Terminology for Europe (IATE). (n.d.). self-test. In https://iate.europa.eu/home. Retrieved October, 16, 2022 from https://iate.europa.eu/
International Organization for Standardization (2019). Terminology work and terminology science – Vocabulary (ISO Standard No. ISO 1087:2019). Geneva.
International Organization for Standardization (2022). Terminology work – Principles and methods (ISO Standard No. ISO 704:2022). Geneva.
Lervad, S., Flemestad, P., & Christensen, L. W. (Eds.) (2016). Verbal and Nonverbal Representation in Terminlogy. Proceedings of the TOTh Workshop 2013. Centre for Textile Research and Institut Porphyre. Retrieved November 22, 2022 from http://toth.condillac.org/workshop-2013
Lundgren, J., & Rasmussen, L. I. (2022). Vild virus – Bag kulissen i kampen mod smitte. Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag.
Madsen, B. N. (1999). Terminologi. Copenhagen: Gad.
Madsen, B. N. (2006). Terminological ontologies: Applications and principles. In Semantic Systems: From Visions to Applications. Proceedings of the Semantics 2006 (pp. 271-282).
Madsen, B. N. (2007). Ontologies and indeterminacy. In B. E. Antia (Ed.), Indeterminacy in Terminology and LSP. Studies in honour of Heribert Picht (pp. 181-198). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Madsen, B. N. (2012). Vejledning for begrebsarbejde i Kriminalforsorgen. Copenhagen: Kriminalforsorgen (The Danish Prison and Probation Service).
Madsen, B. N, & Thomsen, H. E. (2015). Concept modeling vs. data modeling in practice. In H. Kockaert, & F. Steurs (Eds.), Handbook of terminology 1 (pp. 250-275). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Madsen, B. N., Thomsen, H. E., & Vikner, C. (2004). Principles of a system for terminological concept modelling. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’04) (pp. 15-18).
Mayer, Richard E. (2021). Multimedia learning (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Nielsen, Pram, L. (2016). Target Users’ Diagrammatic Reasoning of Domain-Specific Terminology. In Term bases and linguistic linked open data-TKE 2016 12th International conference on Terminology and Knowledge Engineering (pp. 224-235). Retrieved June 22, 2022 from https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/58770495/TKE.pdf
Novak, J. D. and Cañas, A. J. (2008). The Theory Underlying Concept Maps and How to Construct and Use Them. Retrieved April 26, 2022 from https://cmap.ihmc.us/docs/theory-of-concept-maps.php
Nuopponen, A. (1998). A model for systematic terminological analysis. In L. Lundquist, H. Picht, & J. Qvistgaard (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th European Symposium on Language for Special Purposes, LSP− Identity and Interface Research, Knowledge and Society (pp. 363-372).
Nuopponen, A. (2016). Satellite system as a visualization tool for concept analysis. In Term bases and linguistic linked open data-TKE 2016 12th International conference on Terminology and Knowledge Engineering (pp. 190-200). Retrieved June 22, 2022 from https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/58770495/TKE.pdf TKE
Nuopponen, A. (2018). Terminological concept systems. In J. Humbley, G. Budin, & C. Laurén (Eds.), Languages for Special Purposes – An International Handbook (pp. 453-468). Berlin: de Gruyter.
Picht, H., & Draskau, J. (1985). Terminology: an introduction. University of Surrey, Department of Linguistic and International Studies.
Ritzau. (2022, May 23). Mette F: Ny corona-strategi for efteråret. Danish news agency. Retrieved June 6, 2022 from https://fagligsenior.dk/2022/05/23/statsministeren-varsler-strategi-for-stigende-coronasmitte/
Rosendahl, D. (n.d.). Kort indføring i begrebsarbejde. Servicestyrelsen (the Danish National Board of Social Services).
Rosenfeld, L., Morville, P., & Arango, J. (2015). Information Architecture: For the Web and beyond (4th ed.). Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly Media, Inc.
Sinha, P. K., & Dutta, B. (2020). A systematic analysis of flood ontologies: A parametric approach. KO KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION, 47(2), 138-159. DOI: 10.5771/0943-7444-2020-2-138
Spencer, D. (2009). Card sorting: Designing usable categories. Rosenfeld Media.
Socialstyrelsen. (the Danish National Board of Social Services). Socialstyrelsens begrebsbase. Retrieved June 4, 2022 from https://ss.iterm.dk/
Suonuuti, H. (2001). Guide to Terminology. Helsinki: Tekniikan Sanastokeskus.
Statens Serum Institut (The Danish State Serum Institute). (n.d. a). Reproduktionstallet har ligget under eller omkring 1 siden slutningen af april. Version June 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2022 from https://www.ssi.dk/aktuelt/nyheder/2020/reproduktionstallet-har-ligget-under-eller-omkring-1-siden-slutningen-af-april
Statens Serum Institut (the Danish State Serum Institute). (n.d. b). Datakilder og definitioner. Version October 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2022 from https://covid19.ssi.dk/datakilder-og-definitioner
Steurs, F., Wachter, K. D., & Malsche, E. D. (2015). Terminology tools. In H. Kochaert, & Steurs, F. (Eds.), Handbook of terminology (pp. 222-249). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Sundhedsdatastyrelsen (the Danish Health Data Authority). Begrebsbasen. Retrieved June 4, 2022 from https://sundhedsdatastyrelsen.dk/da/english + https://sundhedsdata.iterm.dk/
Sørensen, T. K., & Nielsen, H. F. (2022a, March 26). I Danmark falder antallet af coronasmittede, og kurven er knækket med held og forstand. The Danish newspaper Jyllandsposten.
Sørensen, T. K., & Nielsen, H. F. (2022b, April 22). Pcr-test er på laveste blus, men ser ud til at overleve sommeren. The Danish newspaper Jyllandsposten.
Thomsen, H. E. (2017). The intensional definition. In R. Costa, & C. Roche (Eds.), The definition in Terminology. Frank and Timme, Verlag für wissenschaftliche Literatur.
The Britannica Dictionary (n.d.). strategy. In britannica.com. Retrieved June 4, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/strategy)
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020a). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – Situation Report – 73. Retrieved November 2, 2022 from https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200402-sitrep-73-covid-19.pdf
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020b). Listings of WHO’s response to COVID-19 - (last updated 29 January 2021). Retrieved November 2, 2022 from https://www.who.int/news/item/29-06-2020-covidtimeline
World Health Organization (WHO). (n.d.) COVID-19 Weekly Epidemiological Update. Retrieved March 6, 2023 https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---1-march-2023
Worobey, M., Levy, J. I., Serrano, L. M., Crits-Christoph, A., Pekar, J. E., Goldstein, S. A., Rasmussen, A. L., Kraemer, M. U. G., Newman, C., Koopmans, M. P. G., Suchard, M. A., Wertheim, J. O., Lemey, P., Robertson, D. L., Garry, R. F., Holmes, E. C., Rambaut, A., & Andersen, K. G. (2022). The huanan seafood wholesale market in wuhan was the early epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 377(6609), 951-959. DOI: 10.1126/science.abp8715
Téléchargements
Publié-e
Versions
- 2023-04-11 (2)
- 2023-03-31 (1)
Comment citer
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
(c) Tous droits réservés Lise Lotte Weilgaard Christensen 2023
Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
TSR is committed to Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licence (CC BY-NC). This licence permits users to use, reproduce, disseminate or display the article provided that the author is attributed as the original creator and that the reuse is restricted to non-commercial purposes i.e. research or educational use. The author has the copyright but TSR has the right of first publication. When the article is used e.g. for educational or other non-commercial purposes, the user is expected to mention the author(s), the title of the publication, the name and the number of the publication series and URL-address. The license of the published metadata is Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0).